Driven by increases in cereals and vegetable oils, global food prices rose for a third straight month in October to reach a new 10-year high, according to the latest data from the UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).

The FAO Food Price Index, which tracks monthly changes in the international prices of commonly traded food commodities, averaged 133.2 points in October, up 3% from September, rising for a third consecutive month.

The Cereal Price Index averaged 137.1 points in October, up 3.2% from September and 22.4% above its level one year ago. International prices of all major cereals increased month-on-month. World wheat prices continued to surge for a fourth consecutive month, rising by another 5% in October, to stand 38.3% higher year-on-year, and reaching their highest level since November 2012. Tighter availability in global markets due to reduced harvests in major exporters, especially Canada, the Russian Federation and the U.S., continued to put upward pressure on prices. Reduced global supplies of higher quality wheat, in particular, exacerbated the pressure, with premium grades leading the price rise. Among coarse grains, international barley prices increased the most in October, underpinned by strong demand, reduced production prospects and price increases in other markets. World maize prices also firmed, supported by gains in energy markets. However, increased seasonal supplies and easing of port disruptions in the U.S. limited the increase in maize values. International rice prices also edged up further in October, although the onset of main crop harvests in various Asian suppliers capped the increases.

The Vegetable Oil Price Index averaged 184.8 points in October, up 9.6% month-on-month and marking an all-time high. The increase was driven by firmer price quotations for palm, soy, sunflower and rapeseed oils. International palm oil prices increased for a fourth consecutive month in October, largely underpinned by persisting concerns over subdued output in Malaysia due to ongoing migrant labor shortages. World prices of palm, soy and sunflower oils received support from reviving global import demand, particularly from India that lowered import tariffs further on edible oils. As for rapeseed oil, the continued strength in international values chiefly stemmed from protracted global supply-demand tightness. Noticeably, rising crude oil prices also lent support to vegetable oil values.

The Dairy Price Index averaged 120.7 points in October, up 2.2% from September and 15.5% above its level in the corresponding month a year ago.  In October, international price quotations for butter, skim milk powder and whole milk powder rose steeply for the second consecutive month, underpinned by firm global import demand amid buyers’ efforts to secure supplies to build stocks. Seasonally low milk supplies and tight inventories in Europe and a slower start than earlier anticipated to the new milk production season in Oceania also lent support to world milk prices. Cheese prices remained largely stable, as supplies from major producers were adequate to meet global import demand.

The Sugar Price Index averaged 119.1 points in October, down 1.8% from September, marking the first decline after six consecutive monthly increases. International sugar quotations remained, however, more than 40% above their levels in the same month of last year, mainly underpinned by concerns over reduced output prospects in Brazil. The recent monthly decline in international sugar prices was triggered by limited global import demand and prospects of large export supplies from India and Thailand.

The Meat Price Index averaged 112.1 points in October, down 0.7% from its revised value in September, marking the third monthly decline, though still 22.1% above its value in the corresponding month last year. In October, international quotations for pig meat fell, principally underpinned by reduced purchases from China. Bovine meat prices also fell, reflecting a sharp decline in quotations for supplies from Brazil amid market uncertainty surrounding import suspensions by its leading trading partners over mad-cow disease concerns. Poultry meat quotations rose, boosted by high global demand, while production expansions remained weak due to high feed costs and avian flu outbreaks, especially in Europe. World ovine meat prices also increased slightly on continued supply limitations from Oceania due to high demand for flock rebuilding.